# GLYCERIN (glycerin) — Global Cosmetic Regulatory & Formulation Monograph - **Canonical URL**: https://www.inciname.com/en/ingredients/glycerin - **Standard INCI**: `GLYCERIN` - **KR MFDS Standard Name**: `글리세린` - **CAS No.**: `56-81-5` - **EC / EINECS No.**: `200-289-5` - **Origin**: `synthetic` - **Functions**: 모발컨디셔닝제, 보습제, 변성제, 구강관리제, 피부보호제, 용제, 점도조절제, 향료 - **Molecular Formula / MW**: `C3H8O3` (92.09 g/mol) ## 1. 7-Track Official Regulatory Label Names | Track | Official Label Nomenclature | | :--- | :--- | | KR (MFDS Standard) | 글리세린 | | KR (Former Names) | — | | EU (CosIng 1223/2009) | GLYCERIN | | US (PCPC / MoCRA INCI) | GLYCERIN | | US (FDA OTC Monograph) | GLYCERIN | | CN (NMPA IECIC) | 甘油 | | JP (JCIA / MHLW QD) | グリセリン (QD: 濃グリセリン) | ## 2. Layer 1 — Global 6-Region Statutory Summary - **KR (MFDS)**: `none` - **EU (1223/2009)**: `none` - **US (FDA/MoCRA)**: `none` - **CN (NMPA IECIC)**: `allowed` (Entry: `2421`) - **JP (MHLW)**: `none` - **ASEAN (ACD)**: `none` ## 3. Layer 2 — Toxicological & Historical Safe Use Concentrations - **cn_iecic_max** (leave_on): ≤ 88.8% — NMPA IECIC (2025) Entry 02365 (2025) - **cn_iecic_max** (rinse_off): ≤ 52% — NMPA IECIC (2025) Entry 02365 (2025) ## 4. Layer 3 — Formulation Quartiles & Compatibility - **Optimal pH Window**: 2 – 12 - **Max Process Temp**: ≤ 95°C - **Synergy Pairings**: BUTYLENE GLYCOL, PROPANEDIOL, BETAINE, SODIUM HYALURONATE, XANTHAN GUM - **Incompatibilities**: Exceeding 7% alone increases tackiness; blend with Butylene Glycol, Propanediol, and Betaine (2:2:1 ratio) to neutralize stickiness ## 5. Academic Monograph ■ [1. Chemical Identity & International Labeling Nomenclature] - INCI Name: GLYCERIN | CAS No.: 56-81-5 | EC No.: 200-289-5 - Origin: SYNTHETIC | Functions: , , , , , , , - Physicochemical Profile: Formula C3H8O3 | MW 92.09 g/mol | LogP -1.76 | Ionic Nature: non-ionic | PubChem CID 753 - Official Regional Label Names: US [GLYCERIN] · EU [GLYCERIN] · CN [甘油] · JP [グリセリン] · JP Quasi-Drug [濃グリセリン] ■ [2. Dermatological Mechanism of Action & Functional Role] - Glycerin is the polyhydric alcohol that conforms generally to the formula Classified under origin 'synthetic', it acts within the cosmetic vehicle or stratum corneum to deliver , , , , , , , performance and structural formulation stability. ■ [3. Global 6-Jurisdiction Regulatory Status & Safety Limits (Layer 1 & Layer 2)] - Regional Summary: KR: NONE | EU: NONE | US: NONE | CN: ALLOWED | JP: NONE | ASEAN: NONE (CN IECIC (2025) Entry No. 2421 (甘油)) - No specific Annex prohibition or numeric restriction across the 6 major jurisdictions (Permitted under general GMP safety assessment). - Official Safety & Historical Use Concentration (Layer 2): CN_IECIC_2025 (cn_iecic_max, leave_on): Max 88.8% / CN_IECIC_2025 (cn_iecic_max, rinse_off): Max 52.0% ■ [4. Formulation Dosage Guide by Product Category (Layer 3-A)] - [aqueous_serum] Typical range: 1.0 ~ 15.0% (Median 5.0%, Ref: CIR Glycerin Safety Assessment & Formulation Library (n=342)) — Primary humectant & Aquaporin-3 hydration activator - [emulsion_cream] Typical range: 2.0 ~ 15.0% (Median 5.0%, Ref: CIR Glycerin Reported Use (n=584)) — Core humectant, freeze-thaw stabilizer & gum pre-wetting medium - [cleanser_rinse] Typical range: 1.0 ~ 20.0% (Median 4.0%, Ref: CIR Glycerin Assessment) — Post-wash moisture retention & latherplasticizer ■ [5. Formulation Engineering, Stability & Incompatibility Matrix (Layer 3-B)] - Addition Phase: Water Phase (Use to pre-wet Xanthan Gum 3:1 before adding water) - Optimal pH Range: pH 2.0 ~ 12.0 | Max Process Temp: Max 95°C | Electrolyte Tolerance: HIGH - Incompatibility / Caution: Exceeding 7% alone increases tackiness; blend with Butylene Glycol, Propanediol, and Betaine (2:2:1 ratio) to neutralize stickiness - Synergy Pairings: BUTYLENE GLYCOL, PROPANEDIOL, BETAINE, SODIUM HYALURONATE, XANTHAN GUM | Reference Trade Names: Vegetable Glycerin USP/EP 99.7% ■ [6. Peer-Reviewed Literature & Official Compendia Evidence] - PMID 31840548 (2019, Int J Toxicol): Safety Assessment of Glycerin as Used in Cosmetics - PMID 41670962 (2026, Anal Chem): In Vivo Two-Dimensional Correlation Raman Spectroscopy Unveiling the Reversible Microstructural Changes and Spatially Di - PMID 41750583 (2026, Antioxidants (Basel)): Optimization of Bioactive Compound Extraction from Prunus spinosa L. Fruits Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction with Fo ## 6. Linked PubMed Literature - [PMID: 31840548] Safety Assessment of Glycerin as Used in Cosmetics — *Int J Toxicol* (2019) - [PMID: 41670962] In Vivo Two-Dimensional Correlation Raman Spectroscopy Unveiling the Reversible Microstructural Changes and Spatially Differential Swelling of the Human Stratum Corneum in Response to Glycerin as a Temporary Penetration Enhancer — *Anal Chem* (2026) - [PMID: 41750583] Optimization of Bioactive Compound Extraction from Prunus spinosa L. Fruits Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction with Food-Grade Glycerin: A Combined RSM-ANN Approach — *Antioxidants (Basel)* (2026) - [PMID: 41594499] Chlorine Dioxide Teat Disinfectant: A Clinical Study on Bactericidal Efficacy and Safety in Dairy Cows in Comparison with an Iodine Glycerin Disinfectant — *Animals (Basel)* (2026) - [PMID: 41423592] Determination of hydrogen peroxide in commercial glycerin using electron spin resonance and chemiluminescence assay — *Anal Sci* (2026) - [PMID: 18510666] Glycerol and the skin: holistic approach to its origin and functions — *Br J Dermatol* (2008) - [PMID: 40927981] Glycerol and Glycerol-3-Phosphate: Multifaceted Metabolites in Metabolism, Cancer, and Other Diseases — *Endocr Rev* (2026) - [PMID: 15966863] Aquaporin-3 functions as a glycerol transporter in mammalian skin — *Biol Cell* (2005) - [PMID: 28970416] Soothing Properties of Glycerol in Cough Syrups for Acute Cough Due to Common Cold — *Pharmacy (Basel)* (2017) - [PMID: 10598752] Glycerol accelerates recovery of barrier function in vivo — *Acta Derm Venereol* (1999) - [PMID: 42197133] Valorization of Aromatic Plant Distillation Residues: Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, and Antimicrobial Activity of Rhododendron tomentosum Harmaja Extracts — *Molecules* (2026) - [PMID: 42197114] Bioactive Compounds and Therapeutic Potential of Plant Buds: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives of Gemmotherapy — *Molecules* (2026) - [PMID: 42122692] Biocompatible and Antimicrobial Cellulosic Support via Bioactive Emulsion-Based Film — *Polymers (Basel)* (2026) - [PMID: 41853430] Comparative Clinical Performance of Multiple-Head Skin Prick Test Devices: A Prospective Evaluation of Pain, Sensitivity, Specificity, and Intradevice Variability — *Cureus* (2026) - [PMID: 41844721] Bioactive-fat engineered nanostructured lipid carriers from Illipe butter: optimized design and enhanced in vitro anti-inflammatory performance — *Sci Rep* (2026) - [PMID: 41742400] Enhanced Sensitivity and Human Relevance: a TNF-α-Induced HaCaT Keratinocyte Model for Screening Anti-Inflammatory Cosmetic Materials — *J Appl Toxicol* (2026) - [PMID: 41490598] Humectant-plasticized poly(vinyl alcohol)-sericin hydrogels with improved dimensional stability and moisture retention for wound dressing applications — *Eur J Pharm Biopharm* (2026) - [PMID: 41301549] Comparative Ultrasonic Bath and Probe Extraction of Piperine from Piper nigrum L. Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: RSM Optimization, Characterization, and In Vitro Bioactivity — *Biomolecules* (2025)