# CHLORPHENESIN (chlorphenesin) — Global Cosmetic Regulatory & Formulation Monograph

- **Canonical URL**: https://www.inciname.com/en/ingredients/chlorphenesin
- **Standard INCI**: `CHLORPHENESIN`
- **KR MFDS Standard Name**: `클로페네신`
- **CAS No.**: `104-29-0`
- **EC / EINECS No.**: `203-192-6`
- **Origin**: `synthetic`
- **Functions**: 항균제, 방부제
- **Molecular Formula / MW**: `C9H11ClO3` (202.63 g/mol)

## 1. 7-Track Official Regulatory Label Names
| Track | Official Label Nomenclature |
| :--- | :--- |
| KR (MFDS Standard) | 클로페네신 |
| KR (Former Names) | — |
| EU (CosIng 1223/2009) | CHLORPHENESIN |
| US (PCPC / MoCRA INCI) | CHLORPHENESIN |
| US (FDA OTC Monograph) | — |
| CN (NMPA IECIC) | 氯苯甘醚 |
| JP (JCIA / MHLW QD) | クロルフェネシン (QD: クロルフェネシン) |

## 2. Layer 1 — Global 6-Region Statutory Summary
- **KR (MFDS)**: `restricted`
- **EU (1223/2009)**: `restricted`
- **US (FDA/MoCRA)**: `none`
- **CN (NMPA IECIC)**: `restricted` (Entry: `4508`)
- **JP (MHLW)**: `restricted`
- **ASEAN (ACD)**: `restricted`

- **KR** [limited]: ≤ 0.3% —  (화장품 사용제한 원료 정보 (식약처 오픈API · 안전기준 [별표2]))
- **KR** [restricted]: ≤ 0.3% — KR MFDS Annex 2 Preservatives: Max 0.3%. (화장품 안전기준 등에 관한 규정 [별표2])
- **EU** [limited]: ≤ 0.3% —  (Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 Annex V — via CosIng (EU Commission))
- **EU** [restricted]: ≤ 0.3% — EU Regulation 1223/2009 Annex V #50: Max 0.3%. (Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 Annex V)
- **CN** [limited]: ≤ 0.3% —  (化妆品安全技术规范（2015年版）)
- **CN** [restricted]: ≤ 0.3% — China Safety and Technical Standards Table 4: Max 0.3%. (化妆品安全技术规范)
- **JP** [restricted]: ≤ 0.3% — Japan Cosmetic Standards Annex 3: Max 0.3% in products not used on mucosa. (化粧品基準 (厚生省告示第331号))
- **ASEAN** [restricted]: ≤ 0.3% — ASEAN ACD Annex VI: Max 0.3%. (ASEAN Cosmetic Directive Annex VI)

## 3. Layer 2 — Toxicological & Historical Safe Use Concentrations
- **reported_use** (rinse_off): 0~0.32% — Chlorp092012rep.pdf (2012)
- **reported_use** (leave_on): 0~0.3% — Chlorp092012rep.pdf (2012)
- **reported_use** (eye): 0.02~0.3% — Chlorp092012rep.pdf (2012)
- **reported_use** (ingestion): 0.2~0.3% — Chlorp092012rep.pdf (2012)
- **reported_use** (spray): 0.2~0.3% — Chlorp092012rep.pdf (2012)
- **reported_use** (powder): 0.2~0.3% — Chlorp092012rep.pdf (2012)
- **reported_use** (dermal): 0.00004~0.32% — Chlorp092012rep.pdf (2012)
- **reported_use** (hair): 0.0003~0.3% — Chlorp092012rep.pdf (2012)
- **reported_use** (nail): 0.0003~0.2% — Chlorp092012rep.pdf (2012)
- **reported_use** (mucous): 0.00004~0.3% — Chlorp092012rep.pdf (2012)
- **reported_use** (bath): 0.0006~0.3% — Chlorp092012rep.pdf (2012)
- **reported_use** (total): 0.000008~0.32% — Chlorp092012rep.pdf (2012)
- **cn_iecic_max** (leave_on): ≤ 0.3% — NMPA IECIC (2025) Entry 04109 (2025)
- **cn_iecic_max** (rinse_off): ≤ 0.3% — NMPA IECIC (2025) Entry 04109 (2025)

## 4. Layer 3 — Formulation Quartiles & Compatibility
- **Optimal pH Window**: 3 – 8
- **Max Process Temp**: ≤ 80°C
- **Synergy Pairings**: PHENOXYETHANOL, ETHYLHEXYLGLYCERIN, BUTYLENE GLYCOL
- **Incompatibilities**: Poor cold-water solubility; precipitates as crystals if added directly to cold water without pre-dissolving in warm glycols

## 5. Academic Monograph
■ [1. Chemical Identity & International Labeling Nomenclature]
  - INCI Name: CHLORPHENESIN | CAS No.: 104-29-0 | EC No.: 203-192-6
  - Origin: SYNTHETIC | Functions: , 
  - Physicochemical Profile: Formula C9H11ClO3 | MW 202.63 g/mol | LogP 1.71 | Ionic Nature: non-ionic | PubChem CID 7697
  - Official Regional Label Names: US [CHLORPHENESIN] · EU [CHLORPHENESIN] · CN [氯苯甘醚] · JP [クロルフェネシン] · JP Quasi-Drug [クロルフェネシン]
■ [2. Dermatological Mechanism of Action & Functional Role]
  - Chlorphenesin is the organic compound that conforms to the formula: Classified under origin 'synthetic', it acts within the cosmetic vehicle or stratum corneum to deliver ,  performance and structural formulation stability.
■ [3. Global 6-Jurisdiction Regulatory Status & Safety Limits (Layer 1 & Layer 2)]
  - Regional Summary: KR: RESTRICTED | EU: RESTRICTED | US: NONE | CN: RESTRICTED | JP: RESTRICTED | ASEAN: RESTRICTED (CN IECIC (2025) Entry No. 4508 (氯苯甘醚))
  - [KR / COMPOSITION / limited] (Max 0.3%): 
  - [CN / COMPOSITION / limited] (Max 0.3%): 
  - [EU / COMPOSITION / limited] (Max 0.3%): 
  - Official Safety & Historical Use Concentration (Layer 2): cir (reported_use, rinse_off): 0~0.32% / cir (reported_use, leave_on): 0~0.3% / cir (reported_use, eye): 0.02~0.3%
■ [4. Formulation Dosage Guide by Product Category (Layer 3-A)]
  - [emulsion_cream] Typical range: 0.1 ~ 0.3% (Median 0.2%, Ref: CIR Chlorphenesin Assessment & KR/EU Annex (Max 0.3%)) — Antifungal co-preservative for emulsions (Legal max 0.3%)
■ [5. Formulation Engineering, Stability & Incompatibility Matrix (Layer 3-B)]
  - Addition Phase: Pre-dissolve in warm Butylene Glycol / Glycerin (60~70°C) or hot Water Phase
  - Optimal pH Range: pH 3.0 ~ 8.0 | Max Process Temp: Max 80°C | Electrolyte Tolerance: HIGH
  - Incompatibility / Caution: Poor cold-water solubility; precipitates as crystals if added directly to cold water without pre-dissolving in warm glycols
  - Synergy Pairings: PHENOXYETHANOL, ETHYLHEXYLGLYCERIN, BUTYLENE GLYCOL | Reference Trade Names: Elestab® CPN
■ [6. Peer-Reviewed Literature & Official Compendia Evidence]
  - PMID 37753668 (2024, Drug Test Anal): Determination of chlorphenesin in cosmetics, a preservative that can affect anti-doping test result interpretations
  - PMID 35916838 (2022, Contact Dermatitis): Re-emergence of allergic contact dermatitis from chlorphenesin
  - PMID 34958151 (2022, Int J Cosmet Sci): Characterization of photoproducts and global ecotoxicity of chlorphenesin: A preservative used in skin care products

## 6. Linked PubMed Literature
- [PMID: 37753668] Determination of chlorphenesin in cosmetics, a preservative that can affect anti-doping test result interpretations — *Drug Test Anal* (2024)
- [PMID: 35916838] Re-emergence of allergic contact dermatitis from chlorphenesin — *Contact Dermatitis* (2022)
- [PMID: 34958151] Characterization of photoproducts and global ecotoxicity of chlorphenesin: A preservative used in skin care products — *Int J Cosmet Sci* (2022)
- [PMID: 34431558] Chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of the urinary metabolite profile of chlorphenesin observed after dermal application of chlorphenesin-containing sunscreen — *Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom* (2021)
- [PMID: 34333822] In vitro study to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of various multifunctional cosmetic ingredients and chlorphenesin on bacterial species at risk in the cosmetic industry — *J Appl Microbiol* (2022)
- [PMID: 32387382] Toxicity of the cosmetic preservatives parabens, phenoxyethanol and chlorphenesin on human meibomian gland epithelial cells — *Exp Eye Res* (2020)
- [PMID: 41638886] Preservatives in Leave-On Cosmetics Available on the Dutch Market — *Contact Dermatitis* (2026)
- [PMID: 39708528] Comparison of urinary excretion patterns among exposures to cosmetic preservative, herbicide, and nootropic stimulant in anti-doping analysis — *J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci* (2025)
- [PMID: 33624850] Integrated approaches to testing and assessment as a tool for the hazard assessment and risk characterization of cosmetic preservatives — *J Appl Toxicol* (2021)
- [PMID: 32716948] Rapid assessment and prediction of the efficiency of two preservatives against S. aureus in cosmetic products using High Content Screening-Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy — *PLoS One* (2020)
- [PMID: 30900864] Determination of 25 preservatives in cosmetics by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry — *Se Pu* (2019)
- [PMID: 27618523] Fate and control of pathogenic and spoilage micro-organisms in orange blossom (Citrus aurantium) and rose flower (Rosa centifolia) hydrosols — *J Appl Microbiol* (2016)